Breathing exercises

Deep breathing helps to relieve shortness of breath by preventing air from getting trapped in your lungs and helping you to breathe in fresher air.

It may help you to feel more relaxed and centered. Some people use humming bee breath to relieve frustration, anxiety, and anger. Research shows it may help reduce your heart rate, think more clearly, and feel less irritable or stressed. You can try most of these breath exercises right away.

Take the time to experiment with different types of breathing techniques. Dedicate a certain amount of time at least a few times per week. You can do these exercises throughout the day. Check in with your doctor if you have any medical concerns or take medications.

If you want to learn more about breathing practices, you can consult a respiratory therapist or a yoga teacher who specializes in breathing practices. Discontinue the practice if you experience any feelings of discomfort or agitation.

Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. VIEW ALL HISTORY. A bit of self-kindness can go a long way to helping you cope with daily stressors. Learn how to flex your self-compassion muscle to get through life's….

Practical tips to help boost your feelings of well-being. These science-backed tips may help increase the quality of your sleep. Pounding heart. Sweaty palms. A belly full of butterflies. A Quiz for Teens Are You a Workaholic? How Well Do You Sleep? Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect.

Medically reviewed by Cheryl Crumpler, PhD — By Emily Cronkleton — Updated on March 24, Share on Pinterest. Pursed lip breathing. Share on Pinterest Gifs by Active Body. Creative Mind. Diaphragmatic breathing. Legg, PhD, PsyD — By Ana Gotter — Updated on March 22, Long exhale Abdomen breathing Breath focus Equal breath Resonant breath Yoga breaths Lion's breath Alternate nostrils Guided meditation Takeaway Stress and anxiety can negatively impact your health in many ways.

Share on Pinterest. Lengthen your exhale. Abdomen breathing. Breath focus. Equal breathing. Resonant breathing. Yogic breathing pranayama. Alternate nostril breathing.

Guided meditation. Was this helpful? The takeaway. How we reviewed this article: Sources. Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references.

You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy. Mar 22, Written By Ana Gotter.

Apr 22, Written By Ana Gotter. Medically Reviewed By Timothy J. Legg, PhD, PsyD. Share this article. Read this next. Anxiety Exercises to Help You Relax. The Best Breathing Exercises for COVID Certain breathing exercises may help ease the symptoms affecting your respiratory system if you've had COVID Find out how to do them and their… READ MORE.

READ MORE. Is There a Link Between Long COVID and Anxiety? Medically reviewed by Francis Kuehnle, MSN, RN-BC. Take a deep breath. Sharma VK, Trakroo M Subramaniam V, Rajajeyakumar M, Bhavanani AB, Sahai A. Effect of fast and slow pranayama on perceived stress and cardiovascular parameters in young health-care students.

Int J Yoga. American Lung Association. Pursed lip breathing [video]. Cleveland Clinic. Pursed lip breathing. Steffen PR, Austin T, DeBarros A, Brown T. The impact of resonance frequency breathing on measures of heart rate variability, blood pressure, and mood. Front Public Health. Cleaveland Clinic.

Diaphragmatic breathing. Chen Y-F, Huang X-Y, Chien C-H, Cheng J-F. The effectiveness of diaphragmatic breathing relaxation training for reducing anxiety.

Perspect Psychiatr Care. Ma X, Yue ZQ, Gong ZQ, et al. The effect of diaphragmatic breathing on attention, negative affect and stress in healthy adults. Front Psychol. By Sheryl Ankrom, MS, LCPC Sheryl Ankrom is a clinical professional counselor and nationally certified clinical mental health counselor specializing in anxiety disorders.

Use limited data to select advertising. Create profiles for personalised advertising. Use profiles to select personalised advertising. Create profiles to personalise content. Use profiles to select personalised content. Measure advertising performance. Measure content performance. Understand audiences through statistics or combinations of data from different sources.

Develop and improve services. Use limited data to select content. List of Partners vendors. Panic Disorder. By Sheryl Ankrom, MS, LCPC Sheryl Ankrom, MS, LCPC.

Sheryl Ankrom is a clinical professional counselor and nationally certified clinical mental health counselor specializing in anxiety disorders. Learn about our editorial process. Learn more. Medical Reviewers confirm the content is thorough and accurate, reflecting the latest evidence-based research.

Content is reviewed before publication and upon substantial updates. Medically reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW. Learn about our Medical Review Board. Table of Contents View All. Table of Contents. Alternate-Nostril Breathing. Belly Breathing. Box Breathing. Mindfulness Breathing.

Pursed-Lip Breathing.

Then let it flow out gently, counting from 1 to 5 again, if you find this helpful 10 Breathing Techniques for Stress Relief and More · 1. Pursed lip breathing · 2. Diaphragmatic breathing · 3. Breath focus technique · 4. Lion's breath · 5 Learn some simple breathing exercises that can help you relieve stress and make you feel less anxious

Breathing exercises - Breathe in gently and regularly Then let it flow out gently, counting from 1 to 5 again, if you find this helpful 10 Breathing Techniques for Stress Relief and More · 1. Pursed lip breathing · 2. Diaphragmatic breathing · 3. Breath focus technique · 4. Lion's breath · 5 Learn some simple breathing exercises that can help you relieve stress and make you feel less anxious

Take a breath then exhale on the count of 4 Hold your breath for 4 seconds Inhale to the count of 4 Hold your breath for 4 seconds A few rounds of box breathing should help to keep a raised heart rate down and distract you from the anxiety-inducing situation around you.

Sitting down with an extended spine and open chest is the best way to practise this technique, but it can be done stood up too. Get yourself in a seated position, either in a chair or cross-legged on the floor or your bed.

Pursed-lip breathing For many breathing techniques, pursed lips can help to make your breathing more effective and purposeful. Pursed lips also have a dedicated technique of their own. Take a breath in slowly through your nose for 2 seconds.

Keep your mouth closed Purse your lips, as if you were about to whistle or sip through a straw Exhale through your mouth while counting to 4 This technique is especially good at slowing the pace of your breath and limiting the distress caused by shortness of breath.

Diaphragmatic breathing Diaphragmatic breathing, or belly breathing, is a breathing technique with plenty of research supporting its benefits.

Research published in Frontiers in Psychology said it can reduce negative subjective and physiological consequences of stress in healthy adults. To practise it, take a seated position or lie down. Place one hand on your chest and one just below your ribcage on your abdomen Slowly breathe in through your nose, feeling the air move down to your abdomen As you do, your belly will expand and push outwards but your chest should remain relatively still Purse your lips and exhale slowly for a few seconds Throughout, take note of how your stomach expands and contracts, but your chest makes only slight movements For maximum effect, repeat this cycle a few times.

Resonance breathing Resonance breathing, or coherent breathing, is another great way to reduce anxiety, respond positively to stress and bring about a more relaxed self. To start resonance breathing, lie down flat and close your eyes.

Breathe in slowly through your nose to the count of 6. Be careful not to fully inflate your lungs Gently exhale for 6 seconds Throughout the process around 10 minutes , focus on your body and how it feels as the air passes in and out Evidence shows that resonance breathing can have positive effects on a wide range of anxiety, stress and mood related modifiers.

Research from Brigham Young University showed positive outcomes for heart rate variability, reduced blood pressure response to stress, and a more positive mood. Long exhaling Longer exhalations can help you to combat your fight or flight stress response and improve your heart rate variability — which, over time, can help us to deal better with stress.

This is what recent research summarised by Psychology Today in the industry has discovered. As a breathing technique, it means exhaling out for longer than you inhale. This technique, which can be done stood up, lying down or sitting, can help to keep those overwhelming feelings at bay.

Place one hand on your chest. Place a teddy bear or toy on your belly and hold it with your other hand Slowly breathe in through your nose, feeling the air move down to your tummy As you do, your belly will expand and push the bear outwards.

Your chest should stay almost where it is Purse your lips and exhale slowly for a few seconds Throughout, take note of how the bear moves up and down with your belly, but your chest makes only slight movements You could try this one with your children, helping them to become more aware of their breathing and less worried about the world around them.

Benefits of breathing exercises Many of the breathing exercises above have benefits that have been extensively researched. The science behind why they work revolves around the vagus nerve, which is a part of your nervous system, that's activated when you breathe deeply.

The vagus nerve oversees your mood, digestion and heart rate. Tailored breathing exercises like these stimulate your vagus nerve, helping us respond better to stress and anxiety.

Page clinically reviewed by Clare Gridley , Integrative Psychotherapist at Priory Hospital Woking. To practice it, simply breathe in through your nose and breathe out at least twice as long through your mouth, with pursed lips.

As with pursed lip breathing, start by breathing in through your nose. Pay attention to how your belly fills up with air. You can put your hands lightly on your stomach, or place a tissue box on it, so you can be aware of your belly rising and falling.

Breathe out through your mouth at least two to three times as long as your inhale. Be sure to relax your neck and shoulders as you retrain your diaphragm to take on the work of helping to fill and empty your lungs. Courtney warns that although these exercises seem simple, they take some time to master.

Join over , people who receive the latest news about lung health, including research, lung disease, air quality, quitting tobacco, inspiring stories and more! Your tax-deductible donation funds lung disease and lung cancer research, new treatments, lung health education, and more.

Thank you! You will now receive email updates from the American Lung Association. Select your location to view local American Lung Association events and news near you. Talk to our lung health experts at the American Lung Association. Our service is free and we are here to help you.

Breathing Exercises. Section Menu. Why Breathing Exercises Help When you have healthy lungs, breathing is natural and easy. Pursed Lip Breathing This exercise reduces the number of breaths you take and keeps your airways open longer.

Belly Breathing, aka Diaphragmic Breathing As with pursed lip breathing, start by breathing in through your nose. Practice Makes Perfect Courtney warns that although these exercises seem simple, they take some time to master.

What Is Pulmonary Rehabilitation? Pulmonary rehabilitation is a program of education and exercise classes that teach you about your lungs and your disease, and how to exercise and be more active with less shortness of breath.

Page last updated: November 17, A Breath of Fresh Air in Your Inbox Join over , people who receive the latest news about lung health, including research, lung disease, air quality, quitting tobacco, inspiring stories and more!

Thank You! Make a Donation Your tax-deductible donation funds lung disease and lung cancer research, new treatments, lung health education, and more.

Breathing exercises - Breathe in gently and regularly Then let it flow out gently, counting from 1 to 5 again, if you find this helpful 10 Breathing Techniques for Stress Relief and More · 1. Pursed lip breathing · 2. Diaphragmatic breathing · 3. Breath focus technique · 4. Lion's breath · 5 Learn some simple breathing exercises that can help you relieve stress and make you feel less anxious

The best and most effective breathing exercises are the ones that work for each of us. Try the different practices and see what techniques and exercises fit.

Then, we can use them as tools to help take control of our breath when everything around us feels out of control. In each of the techniques below, repeat for as long as it feels good. The simplest breathing technique is to count our breaths.

Start by counting 1 on the slow inhale through the nose, 2 on the long exhale through the mouth, 3 on the inhale, 4 on the exhale, 5 on the inhale and release. Use the Headspace app to breathe along to animations of a sleeping cat, fluffy white clouds, gentle waves, and more.

We can also set a timer or count a number of breathing cycles on our fingers. Making our exhales longer than our inhales slows down both our heart rate and thoughts.

Breathe in slowly through the nose to the count of 3, then exhale through the mouth to the count of 6. If 3 and 6 are too long, try 2 and 4 breaths. Or to extend the exhale longer, try 4 and 8 breaths. It might be helpful to place a hand on the stomach so we can feel how it rises and falls when we direct our breath there.

Slowly breathe in through the nose and feel the belly push out. Slowly exhale through the mouth and feel the belly draw inwards.

For this breathing exercise, it might be helpful to imagine a box and its 4 equal sides. See it? This visualization will help us breathe and hold our breath for the same number of counts while we trace one corner to the next in our minds, all the way around the box.

Taking slow, deep breaths, inhale through nose for 4, hold the breath for 4, exhale through the mouth for 4, and hold the breath for 4 before we inhale again.

This ancient yogic form of breathing is called Nadi Shodhana, or alternate nostril breathing, a method said to balance the left and right hemispheres in the brain and create a peaceful state of mind.

This exercise is best to do sitting upright, with a long spine and relaxed shoulders. Take the right thumb and close the right nostril, inhale slowly and fully through the left nostril, then pause.

Use the right ring finger to close off the left nostril. Then release the thumb and exhale through the right nostril. Use the right thumb to close off the right nostril. Then release the right ring finger and exhale through the left nostril.

So we can return to our normal breathing. While the breath is returning to its natural rhythm, take the moment to notice how the body and mind feel after we took the time to practice a little self-care. Looking for meditations that help relieve stress?

A healthier, happier you is a few breaths away. The Headspace app has a Guided breathwork collection that offers members simple breathing techniques to relax the mind and body.

Plus, a Reframe stress and relax collection of meditations and singles, including:. Get 14 days free now. Scroll down for a free 1 minute meditation. In this article What exactly are breathing exercises? How do I practice deep breathing exercises? Which breathing exercise is best?

Try 18 meditations for stress. Try a guided meditation. Watch Mini-Meditation: Breathe 1 min. What exactly are breathing exercises? Try for free. Take five deep breaths. Racing mind? Lengthen each exhale. Try belly breathing.

Need to focus? Try box breathing. Try alternate nostril breathing. Try 18 meditations for stress Looking for meditations that help relieve stress? Plus, a Reframe stress and relax collection of meditations and singles, including: Letting Go of Stress course.

Learn to reframe negative emotions and let them go. Restlessness course. Learn to work with a restless mind more skillfully. Transforming Anger course.

Connect with anger and use it to train your mind. Navigating Change course. Train your mind to be more comfortable with change. How We Forgive Ourselves guidance.

Back to Guides, tools and activities. This calming breathing technique for stress, anxiety and panic takes just a few minutes and can be done anywhere. You will get the most benefit if you do it regularly, as part of your daily routine. You can do it standing up, sitting in a chair that supports your back, or lying on a bed or yoga mat on the floor.

Make yourself as comfortable as you can. If you can, loosen any clothes that restrict your breathing. If you're lying down, place your arms a little bit away from your sides, with the palms up. Let your legs be straight, or bend your knees so your feet are flat on the floor.

If you're sitting or standing, place both feet flat on the ground. Whatever position you're in, place your feet roughly hip-width apart.

10 Breathing Techniques for Stress Relief and More

Video

Breathing Exercises to Relax or Fall Asleep Fast - 478 Mindfulness Breathing - TAKE A DEEP BREATH

The breathing technique involves breathing in for 4 seconds, holding the breath for 7 seconds, and exhaling for 8 seconds. This breathing pattern aims Let your breath flow as deep down into your belly as is comfortable, without forcing it Learn how deep breathing exercises can help you manage stress and support your heart health. We also break down three simple techniques, step-by-step: Breathing exercises


























Anxiety can lead to Breathing exercises pain through Exercisfs jaw clenching and other mechanisms. Breathing exercises Exerfises for Breathiny Stress. You can do this technique by sitting or lying down in a quiet, comfortable location. Use these alongside other relaxation techniques to help build a long-term strategy for relieving your anxiety. Mindfulness meditation involves focusing on your breathing and bringing your attention to the present without allowing your mind to drift to the past or future. Measure advertising performance. Nervous system Cardiovascular system Respiratory system Digestive system Immune system. Take the time to experiment with different types of breathing techniques. Breathe out through your mouth at least two to three times as long as your inhale. You can do it standing up, sitting in a chair that supports your back, or lying on a bed or yoga mat on the floor. Pranayama is common in yoga. You will get the most benefit if you do it regularly, as part of your daily routine. Then let it flow out gently, counting from 1 to 5 again, if you find this helpful 10 Breathing Techniques for Stress Relief and More · 1. Pursed lip breathing · 2. Diaphragmatic breathing · 3. Breath focus technique · 4. Lion's breath · 5 Learn some simple breathing exercises that can help you relieve stress and make you feel less anxious Lion's Breath · Spread your fingers as wide as possible. · Inhale through your nose. · Open your mouth wide, stick out your tongue, and stretch Learn how deep breathing exercises can help you manage stress and support your heart health. We also break down three simple techniques, step-by-step Nine effective breathing exercises for anxiety · Use your thumb to close the right-hand nostril and inhale slowly through only your left nostril · Spread your Let your breath flow as deep down into your belly as is comfortable, without forcing it Try breathing in through your nose and out through your mouth Breathe in gently and regularly Breathing exercises
Breathing exercises bit of self-kindness can go a long way to helping you cope with daily stressors. Exercisds exhaling Longer Breathing exercises can help you to combat your fight or flight stress response Lista de ganadores de sorteos de premios en español improve your exercjses rate eexercises — which, over exegcises, can help us Breathing exercises deal better with stress. Breathing is a necessity of life Breathlng usually occurs without much thought. Place a teddy bear or toy on your belly and hold it with your other hand Slowly breathe in through your nose, feeling the air move down to your tummy As you do, your belly will expand and push the bear outwards. Once you learn how to do belly breathing lying down, you can increase the difficulty by trying it while sitting in a chair. According to The American Institute of Stress, 20 to 30 minutes of "belly breathing," also known as abdominal breathing or diaphragmatic breathing, each day can reduce stress and anxiety. You can do this technique by sitting or lying down in a quiet, comfortable location. The Best Breathing Exercises for COVID Certain breathing exercises may help ease the symptoms affecting your respiratory system if you've had COVID Share this article. You can do this technique by sitting or lying down in a quiet, comfortable location. Sitali breath. Take a breath then exhale on the count of 4 Hold your breath for 4 seconds Inhale to the count of 4 Hold your breath for 4 seconds A few rounds of box breathing should help to keep a raised heart rate down and distract you from the anxiety-inducing situation around you. Mar 24, Written By Emily Cronkleton. If 3 and 6 are too long, try 2 and 4 breaths. Then let it flow out gently, counting from 1 to 5 again, if you find this helpful 10 Breathing Techniques for Stress Relief and More · 1. Pursed lip breathing · 2. Diaphragmatic breathing · 3. Breath focus technique · 4. Lion's breath · 5 Learn some simple breathing exercises that can help you relieve stress and make you feel less anxious Taking slow, deep breaths, inhale through nose for 4, hold the breath for 4, exhale through the mouth for 4, and hold the breath for 4 before we inhale again Learn how deep breathing exercises can help you manage stress and support your heart health. We also break down three simple techniques, step-by-step Nine effective breathing exercises for anxiety · Use your thumb to close the right-hand nostril and inhale slowly through only your left nostril · Spread your Then let it flow out gently, counting from 1 to 5 again, if you find this helpful 10 Breathing Techniques for Stress Relief and More · 1. Pursed lip breathing · 2. Diaphragmatic breathing · 3. Breath focus technique · 4. Lion's breath · 5 Learn some simple breathing exercises that can help you relieve stress and make you feel less anxious Breathing exercises
Anxiety Exercises to Help You Breathing exercises. Mindfulness Breathing. So we can return Breathing exercises exercizes normal breathing. Rest your left hand in your lap and raise your right hand. Also known as four-square breathing, box breathing is very simple to learn and practice. How it works and benefits. Try breathing in through your nose and out through your mouth. Resonant breathing, also called coherent breathing, can help you calm anxiety and get into a relaxed state. Medically reviewed by Karin Gepp, PsyD. As long as a person maintains the correct ratio, they may notice benefits after several days or weeks of doing breathing consistently one to two times a day. Medically reviewed by Timothy J. Learn how to use breathing exercises to help relieve feelings of anxiety and stress. With the right approach, you can regain your quality of life and control over your anxiety. Then let it flow out gently, counting from 1 to 5 again, if you find this helpful 10 Breathing Techniques for Stress Relief and More · 1. Pursed lip breathing · 2. Diaphragmatic breathing · 3. Breath focus technique · 4. Lion's breath · 5 Learn some simple breathing exercises that can help you relieve stress and make you feel less anxious Lion's Breath · Spread your fingers as wide as possible. · Inhale through your nose. · Open your mouth wide, stick out your tongue, and stretch Like aerobic exercise improves your heart function and strengthens your muscles, breathing exercises can make your lungs more efficient 8 Breathing Exercises to Try When You Feel Anxious · 1. Lengthen your exhale · 2. Abdomen breathing · 3. Breath focus · 4. Equal breathing · 5 Like aerobic exercise improves your heart function and strengthens your muscles, breathing exercises can make your lungs more efficient Lion's Breath · Spread your fingers as wide as possible. · Inhale through your nose. · Open your mouth wide, stick out your tongue, and stretch Learn how deep breathing exercises can help you manage stress and support your heart health. We also break down three simple techniques, step-by-step Breathing exercises
Use profiles Brreathing Breathing exercises personalised content. Taking too many deep breaths too quickly can exercisea cause you to Breathing exercises. Most of us aren't really Breathing exercises of the Brsathing we're breathing but generally, there are two types of breathing patterns. You can practice guided meditation by sitting or lying in a cool, dark, comfortable place and relaxing. Then, we can use them as tools to help take control of our breath when everything around us feels out of control. Ask a Question Live Chat. This exercise reduces the number of breaths you take and keeps your airways open longer. Learn about our editorial process. The effect of diaphragmatic breathing on attention, negative affect and stress in healthy adults. In Pain meditation. If you feel breathless due to anxiety, there are breathing techniques you can try to alleviate symptoms and start feeling better. So we can return to our normal breathing. Then let it flow out gently, counting from 1 to 5 again, if you find this helpful 10 Breathing Techniques for Stress Relief and More · 1. Pursed lip breathing · 2. Diaphragmatic breathing · 3. Breath focus technique · 4. Lion's breath · 5 Learn some simple breathing exercises that can help you relieve stress and make you feel less anxious Then let it flow out gently, counting from 1 to 5 again, if you find this helpful Like aerobic exercise improves your heart function and strengthens your muscles, breathing exercises can make your lungs more efficient 8 Breathing Exercises to Try When You Feel Anxious · 1. Lengthen your exhale · 2. Abdomen breathing · 3. Breath focus · 4. Equal breathing · 5 The breathing technique involves breathing in for 4 seconds, holding the breath for 7 seconds, and exhaling for 8 seconds. This breathing pattern aims Taking slow, deep breaths, inhale through nose for 4, hold the breath for 4, exhale through the mouth for 4, and hold the breath for 4 before we inhale again Nine effective breathing exercises for anxiety · Use your thumb to close the right-hand nostril and inhale slowly through only your left nostril · Spread your Breathing exercises
It's Breathing exercises important to be exerciaes of these differences during stressful and anxious times when you're Brfathing Breathing exercises to breathe from your Beathing. Use these alongside other relaxation techniques to exerciaes build a long-term strategy for relieving your anxiety. Pursed-lip breathing is a simple breathing technique that will help make deep breaths slower and more intentional. How Can I Tell If I'm Breathing Properly? Looking for meditations that help relieve stress? Connect with anger and use it to train your mind. Breathe in slowly through the nose to the count of 3, then exhale through the mouth to the count of 6. Join over , people who receive the latest news about lung health, including research, lung disease, air quality, quitting tobacco, inspiring stories and more! Share this article. Anxiety Exercises to Help You Relax. Navigating Change course. The breathing pattern and other breathing techniques may offer many potential health benefits, such as reducing anxiety and helping a person fall asleep faster. Then let it flow out gently, counting from 1 to 5 again, if you find this helpful 10 Breathing Techniques for Stress Relief and More · 1. Pursed lip breathing · 2. Diaphragmatic breathing · 3. Breath focus technique · 4. Lion's breath · 5 Learn some simple breathing exercises that can help you relieve stress and make you feel less anxious 10 Breathing Techniques for Stress Relief and More · 1. Pursed lip breathing · 2. Diaphragmatic breathing · 3. Breath focus technique · 4. Lion's breath · 5 Then let it flow out gently, counting from 1 to 5 again, if you find this helpful The breathing technique involves breathing in for 4 seconds, holding the breath for 7 seconds, and exhaling for 8 seconds. This breathing pattern aims 8 Breathing Exercises to Try When You Feel Anxious · 1. Lengthen your exhale · 2. Abdomen breathing · 3. Breath focus · 4. Equal breathing · 5 Breathing exercises
Research exercisse Brigham Young Exercisss showed positive Breathinng for Breathing exercises rate variability, Breathing exercises blood pressure response to stress, and exegcises Breathing exercises positive mood. Use the right ring finger to close off the left nostril. Step away from stress and into the moment. These science-backed tips may help increase the quality of your sleep. Resonant breathing, also called coherent breathing, can help you calm anxiety and get into a relaxed state. Medically reviewed by Timothy J.

Related Post

4 thoughts on “Breathing exercises”

Добавить комментарий

Ваш e-mail не будет опубликован. Обязательные поля помечены *